Machine for punching and perforating



GEO.. C. HOYVARD, OF PHILADELPHIA, IENNSYLVIXNIA.

MACHINE FOR PUNCI-IING AND PERFORATING.

Speccation of Letters Patent No. 32,370, dated May 21, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, G. C. HOWARD, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Perforating, Puncturing, or Cutting Sheets of Paper and other Materiali; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accom panying drawing, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to improvements in the machine for punching and perforating paper &c., for which an English patent, No. 2607, was granted to IV. and H. H. Bemrose, Decr. 11th, 1854, and my improvements consist, firstly, in a device for presenting the sheet of paper or other material, to the perforating, cutt-ing, or punching rollers; secondly, in a device for adjusting the sheetof paper `or other material, to a proper position, prior to its passing between the said rollers; thirdly, in mechanism, which serves the double purpose of first confining the sheet of paper before it is subjected to the perforating, puncturing rollers, and then starting the machine; fourthly, in a mode of construct ing the upper perforating roller, whereby the pins or punches can be readily removed and replaced, and iifthly, in a peculiar manner of constructing the lower perforated roller.

In order to enable others to make and use u my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation.

On reference to the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification-Figure l is a front view of my im proved perforating and cutting machine; Fig. 2- a transverse vertical section; Fig. 3 a plan view; Fig. t a vertical section of part of the machine drawn to an enlarged scale, and Figs. 5 and 6 detached sectional cutting, or

G is a bar fitting snugly, but so as to slide freely in a horizontal direction, only in openings in the opposite frames, one end of the bar being furnished with a strap guide l), and the opposite end being arrangedl to operate a bell crank lever (Z, which is hung to a projection c on the frame A', and which will be more particularly alluded to hereafter.

In the opposite frames and above the shaft C, turns a second shaft I-I, and above the latter a third shaft I, the former-having a cog wheel K gearing into the wheel D, and having another cog wheel L gearing into a similar wheel M, on the upper shaft I, so that on turning the driving shaft the two shafts H and I will revolve simultaneously in contrary directions to each other, but at the same speed.

The upper shaft I carries the upper perforating or cutting roller P, and the shaft H, the lower roller Q. The peculiar construction of these rollers will be especially alluded to'hereafter, itl will therefore suflice, for the present, to observe that the upper roller has a series of pins or punches y corresponding as regards number Aand position to the teeth on the wheel M, and that the lower roller has a number of holes corresponding with and arranged to receive the pins of the upper roller so that paper or other material passed between the rollers as the latter revolve will receive a row of perforations.

At the rear of the shaft I-I and turning in projections f of the opposite frame is a roller N which is driven in the direction of the arrow at an appropriate speed by any suitable system of gearing connected with the shaft H and around this roller passes an endless band z' which also passes around another roller It, the latter being allowed to turn freely in suitable staples on the underside, and near the rear edge of the table B, both rollers being so situated in respect to the upper surface of this table, that the endless band can traverse freely in contact with the said upper surface. Directly above the roller N is another roller s, the journals of which are allowed to turn freely in the ends spindle t, the ends of the latter being hung loosely to the opposite frames A and A of the machine, To one of these arms T is jointed a rod h, which passes through` an eye in the horizontal arm of the bell crank of the arms T, T, which are secured to a 105 lever d, the latter being connected by means of another rod 70,*to the outer end of a treadle Z, which is hung to a cross barconnected to the lower ends of the opposite frames A and A.

It will be observed that the lower end of the rod il., has a projection or enlargement y' which rests on the horizontal arm of the bell crank lever cl, and serves to maintain the said rod, the arms T, T, and the roller S, in the elevated position shown in Fig. l as long as the said horizontal arm of the bell crank is not depressed by means of the treadle. When this depression takes place, however, thev rod will descend, causing the roller S to fall, either by its own weight, or by the assistance of springs, onto the endless band above the roller N, and assume the position shown in red lines. On releasing the' treadle however the recoil of a spiral spring n, will cause the bell crank lever, as well as the roller S, to assume its former position.

The vertical arm of the bell crank lever el, bears, when the treadle is released, against a pin or projection on the bar G, and thus holds the latter in such a position that the driving strap will be retained by the guide b on the loose pulley F, but when the treadle is depressed the bell crank lever bearing against another pin on the bar will move the latter, so that the guide will transfer the driving strap from the loose to the fast pulley. 'lhe two pins of the bar however are at such a distance apart from each other', that the arm of the bell crank lever has a limited play between them fr a pur )ose which will be rendered apparent hereaf er.

It will be observed that a line line fw is stretched from the spindle t, to the back of the table, and that this line coincides with the pins of the upper perforating roller, and the holes of the lower roller, and is situated at right angles to the center line of rotation of the shafts H and I.

Supposing a sheet of postage stamps has to receive a row of perforations between each row of stamps, the operator, whois seated at the rear of the table, takes the sheet, places it beneath the line fw, on the endless band i and pushes it forward until its outer edge is immediately beneath the roller S, taking care that the space between the stamps coincides with the line w which thus serves as a register. I-Iaving thus adjusted the sheet, the operator depresses the treadle to a limited distance, thereby allowing the roller S to fall and bear on the end of the sheet, which is now in a proper position to b`e submitted to the perforating rollers. The operator now continues the depression of the l treadle thereby moving the bar G (which during the first movement of the bell crank lever had remained stationary owing to the play of its vertical arm between the pins of the bar) and transferring the driving strap from the loose to the fast pulley, thereby causing the upper and lower perforating rollers, as well as the roller N, to revolve in the direction of their arrows. The sheet by the combined movement of the endless band and roller S is pushed forward and between the perforating rollers through the action of which it receives a row of holes in the exact line desired, owing to the preliminary adjustment of the sheet in respect to the line fw. As the sheet is subjected to the rollers, it passes beneath a slotted tongue m, Fig. a, which is secured to the spindle t, and which serves to strip the sheet from the perforating pins of the roller P. The moment the sheet has received the desired row of pe-rforations the treadle is released, the roller S rises and the moving parts of the machine become stationary, preparatory to a repetition of the above described operations.

It will be observed that each of the shafts IVI and I is provided wit-h a key or feather so that the perforating rollers can be adjusted to any desired position longitudinally on their respective shafts, to which, if necessary, additional rollers may be applied.

The peculiar construction of the perforating rollers will be best observed on reference to Figs. 5 and 6. One face of the upper roller P has an annular recess for the reception of a detachable annular plate p, the edge of which fits snugly against the inside of the flange g, a number of holes being bored in this flange for the reception of pins g/,which have conical heads adapted to the countersunk holes.

It will be readily seen that on removing the annular plate p, any one or more of the pins may be withdrawn and replaced at pleasure. The importance of this arrangement will be understood when it is borne in mind that on account of the rapidity with which the perforating rollers revolve, the pins are liable to wear and frequently require to be replaced with new ones.

It is important that the periphery or flange of the under roller Q, rshould be as thin as possible at the point where the holes for the reception of the pins of the upper roller are situated, so that the pieces punched from the paper or other material to be perforated,

roller Q, in the manner shown in Figs. 5 and` 6, on referring to which it will be seen that,v

although the flange, through which the pins pass, is appropriately thin the necessary strength is imparted to it by an internal flange p.

Although I have described the machine as used for perforating, it Will be evident that by altering the shape of the pins 1 it may be applied to the puncturing only, or to the cutting of longitudinal slits in paper or other material or otherwise Wholly or partially severing the same.

I wish it to be understood, that I do not desire to claim broadly, revolving' rollers for punching and perforating sheets of paper and other material, inasmuch as such rollers are illustrated and described in the English patent No. 2607, granted to lV. and Vl?. H. Bemrose, December 11th 1854. But

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The endless band z', the table B, and'vibrating roller S, arranged in respect to the perforating, cutting, or 'puncturing rollers P, and Q, substantially as set forth, for the purpose of presenting a sheet of paper or other material, to the said rollers.

2. In combination with the said perforating, cutting, or puncturing rollers, the line 1v, arranged above the table B, substantially as set forth, for the purpose of adjusting the sheet of paper 0r other material, to a proper position, prior to being subjected to. the action of the rollers.

The treadle Z, or its equivalent, in combination With the strap guide Z9, and vibrating roller S, and the devices herein described or their equivalents, whereby the depression of the said treadle allows the roller S to Jfall in the first instance, the further depression operating the strap guide as set forth for the purpose specied.

4. Constructing' the roller P with a recess in the face for the reception of the annular plate 7), and with a flange g, having countersunkholes for thereception of the pins or punches y, as andfor the purposeherein set forth.

5. The undeixroller Q, having a Athin periphery With holes, for the reception of the punches of the upper roller, and an internal strengthening flange fu, as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of tivo subscribing Witnesses.

eno. c. HoWARD. 

